What is Mesothelioma?

Malignant mesothelioma is a rare and aggressive cancer which is almost always caused by asbestos exposure. This devastating disease attacks the mesothelium, the protective membrane that covers the lungs, abdomen, and heart.

Although you may never have heard of the mesothelium, you could not function without it. This thin layer of protective tissue lubricates and protects the internal organs, and allows them to move easily inside the chest and abdomen. Without the mesothelium, your lungs, heart, and stomach could not expand and contract freely.

When a person has mesothelioma, their mesothelial cells become malignant and grow out of control. As the tumor expands, it produces a fluid called a pleural effusion, which builds up in the chest or abdomen and presses on the surrounding organs. Eventually, the cancer cells may metastasize into the chest wall, lymph nodes, lungs, liver, or even the brain.

An estimated 2000 to 3000 people in the United States are diagnosed with mesothelioma each year. Tragically, there is still no known cure. However, the number of treatment options is steadily increasing. If the cancer is caught early enough and treated effectively, a patient's prognosis can be significantly improved. Cancer researchers are also working to develop innovative new therapies that may dramatically improve outcomes for mesothelioma patients in the future.

How is Mesothelioma Diagnosed?

Mesothelioma can be difficult to diagnose. There are no early symptoms so those who have been exposed to asbestos should have regular checkups with a qualified doctor. The symptoms of mesothelioma are often similar to the symptoms of other disease. Symptoms of Mesothelioma may include shortness of breath, a persistent cough, or pain in the chest or abdomen.

Since mesothelioma is relatively rare, many doctors have very limited experience with the disease. Therefore, if you have a history of asbestos exposure, it is very important to have regular physical examinations to monitor the functioning of your lungs and abdomen. You should also visit the doctor as soon as you begin to show any of the symptoms of mesothelioma.

What are the Treatment Options?

The most common mesothelioma treatment options include surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation. These treatment options are aimed at relieving symptoms to improve the patient's quality of life.

If a diagnosis of mesothelioma is confirmed, your doctor will probably order additional tests to determine the stage or extent of the disease. This helps the doctor plan the proper course of treatment.